| 最高人民法院对民事审判的几点意见 |
为能依法妥善审理好各类新的纠纷案件，最高人民法院在当前民事审判工作中提出几点意见：
1、在审理合同纠纷案件时要正确适用与旧的合同法有关的条例和司法解释，对于合同的效力，除依据法律和行政法规认定的以外，不能依据地方法规确认合同无效。对于代位权和撤销权严格适用。
2、审理担保合同纠纷时，要慎重处理对外担保，依有关法律法规准确认定合同效力；妥善处理合同抵押登记；保证合同的诉讼时效应当以主债务的诉讼时效为依据，但在连带责任保证合同中，主债务诉讼时效中断，保证债务不因此而中断。
3、审理房地产纠纷案件，坚持土地使用权决定地上其他权利的原则，严格对土地使用权进行审查。对建筑工程质量纠纷案件要按照有关标准严格审查工程质量；依据诚实信用原则，防止把经营风险转嫁给一方。
4、对精神损害赔偿，坚持以人身权利遭受侵害，造成受害人精神痛苦为原则，不得随意扩大受案范围；严格掌握精神损害赔偿原则，一般对赔偿精神损害抚慰金的请求不予支持；合理确定赔偿数额。
5、劳动争议纠纷，仲裁机构对劳动争议迟迟不作受理与否的决定，一般情况下人民法院不能直接受理，但经当事人申请，仲裁机构以某种理由不予受理的，人民法院可以受理；用人单位的规章制度在不违法国家法律、法规及有关政策规定，并已告知劳动者的，可以作为审理依据。
6、审理金融案件，要慎重处理金融电子化服务中发生的案件，坚持依法维护金融机构金融机构信用、保护存款人合法权利，按照严格责任原则确定责任的承担；依法审理好涉及金融资产管理公司追讨债权的纠纷案件。
7、对侵犯知识产权的行为，人民法院要依法加大保护力度，追究侵权人的责任，但要注意防止滥用知识产权行为；为今年7月实施修改后的专利法做好准备；准确掌握侵权纠纷的损害赔偿计算方法。
8、海事海商案件，管辖权在各地的海事法院，扣押船舶必须具有法定内容，海事证据保全后由海事法院进行保存。在审理涉外案件时，根据中国加入的国际公约、条约，积极行使司法管辖权；对中外当事人给予平等的保护。
|
| 中国将全面整顿和规范市场交易行为 |
从国家工商行政管理局传来的消息，今后一个时期，中国将全面整顿和规范市场交易行为，保证国民经济健康运行。今后必须从６个方面加强对市场交易行为的规范管理:
一是严厉打击制假售假等违法活动，抓好重点地区、重点商品、重点市场的专项整治。
二是强化消费者权益保护工作，形成完整有效的保护消费者权益执法体系。
三是加强对粮食等重要商品交易活动的监督管理。
四是加强对合同行为的监管，重点监控多次进行合同欺诈的组织和个人。
五是加强对经纪人的管理，进一步规范经纪人主体准入，依法查处经纪人违法行为。
六是严厉打击私货交易，取缔私货市场。 |
| 外商投资企业新动态 |
| 据最新的统计资料显示，2000年上海外资流入来源主要为跨国公司和国际知名企业的投资。独资形式仍是外商投资在沪办企业的主要形式，而且企业规模趋大，投资高新技术产业的比例在增加。由于知识密集型企业的大量投资，这些公司特别需要注意与员工签订保密协议，防止公司的专利、专有技术或商业秘密被轻易泄露。
|
| 中国将从3月1日起提高专利收费标准
|
根据《中华人民共和国专利法》的《中华人民共和国专利法实施细则》的规定，向国家知识产权局申请专利和办理有关手续应当缴纳费用，自今年3月1日起该收费标准将有较大幅度的提高，调整的主要项目见下表：
| （金额单位：人民币元） |
| 主要调整项目 |
调整前 |
调整后 |
| 发明专利申请费 |
490 |
900 |
| 实用新型专利申请费 |
300 |
500 |
| 外观设计专利申请费 |
250 |
500 |
| 发明专利申请审查费 |
1200 |
2500 |
| 发明专利复审费 |
600 |
1000 |
| 恢复权利请求费 |
300 |
1000 |
| 发明专利无效宣告请求费 |
600 |
3000 |
| 实用新型专利无效宣告请求费 |
400 |
1500 |
| 外观设计专利无效宣告请求费 |
300 |
1500 |
| 年费：发明专利 1---3年 |
600 |
900 |
| 4---6年 |
900 |
1200 |
| 7---9年 |
1200 |
2000 |
| 10---12年 |
2000 |
4000 |
| 13---15年 |
4000 |
6000 |
| 16---20年 |
8000 |
8000 |
| 实用新型专利 1---3年 |
300 |
600 |
| 4---5年 |
600 |
900 |
| 6---8年 |
900 |
1200 |
| 9---10年 |
1200 |
2000 |
| 外观设计专利 1---3年 |
150 |
600 |
| 4---5年 |
300 |
900 |
| 6---8年 |
600 |
1200 |
| 9---10年 |
800 |
2000 |
|
此外，对于PCT申请国际阶段、PCT申请进入中国国家阶段的部分收费有所调整，如您需详细资料请与我所联系。 |
| 法律出台不及网络发展速度 |
据中国互联网信息中心（CNNIC）日前发布的第七次中国互联网用户调查结果显示，中国网络用户继续高速增长，截止2000年12月31日止，中国上网用户总数约2250万人，较1999年翻了一倍多。同时中国大陆地区国际域名注册的总量已达608420个。
不断增长的网络用户在给电子商务带来无限希望的同时，网上纠纷也日益增多。特别是去年随着中文域名的兴起，侵犯商标、企业名称等知识产权纠纷日益突出。虽然去年中国出台了多部关于互联网络的法规，但在某些问题的处理上还显得较为滞后，难以切实保护权利人的合法权益，网络登记部门的多头性，造成权利人投诉无门。 |
|
Advice of the supreme people's court on civil adjudication
The Supreme People's Court made suggestions as follows for
the present civil jurisdiction in order to guarantee appropriate
adjudication upon various new disputes.
1. The regulations and judicial interpretations related to
the original contract law shall be adopted properly in adjudication
over disputes in contracts. The determination on invalidation
of contracts shall be in compliance with laws and administrative
regulations instead of local statutes. Prudentials is important
to adoption of subrogation and the right to rescind.
2. In handling disputes of a guaranty contract, the guaranty
for the foreigners shall be treated carefully, and the validity
must be determined in accordance with related laws and regulations.
The registration of a mortgaged contract must be handled properly.
Limitation of action against the suretyship contract shall abide
by the limitation of action against the principal debt, but
suretyship debt shall not be suspended for suspension of limitation
of action against the principal debt in the suretyship contract
of joint liability.
3. The land-use right shall be examined strictly under principle
"land-use right determines rights of other things fixed on the
land" in real estate disputes. The standard concerned on quality
of engineering shall be enforced in quality disputes of architectural
engineering. Hold principle of good faith to forestall shifting
operation risk on to others.
4. Damages for spiritual loss shall be predicated on infringement
upon personal rights resulting in mental agony of the victims.
It is not permitted to freely expand scope of accepting cases.
Claims for spiritual loss is generally not favored due to strict
adherence to principle of damages for spiritual loss, and, if
any, the sum of compensation must be determined appropriately.
5. Regarding labour disputes, the people's courts cannot directly
accept such cases if the arbitration organization has not made
a decision of acceptance. However, after application of the
party concerned, the people's court may accept such cases if
the arbitration organization does not accept them for some reasons.
The rules and regulations of the employer, which do not violate
laws and relevant policies of state, even has been informed
to the employees, may be taken as handling basis.
6. Handle conscientiously disputes in electronized financial
service, safeguard the credit of the financial institutions
and lawful rights of the depositors. Determine the assumption
of liability under principle of rigorous responsibility. Handle
well the cases involving demanding payment of debt of the financial
asset managerial company.
7. The people's courts shall enhance protection for the intellectual
property rights, and investigate responsibility of the infringer.
Prepare well for the implementation of the amended Patent Law
in July this year. Master the method of calculating damages
for losses in such infringement.
8. In maritime cases, the maritime courts with jurisdiction
in the local place must distrain ships by legal basis, and keep
the evidence after preservation. In the cases involving foreign
countries, the judicial powers shall be exercised positively
in accordance with the international conventions and treaties
China has acceded to. Chinese and foreign parties concerned
shall enjoy equal protection.
China to consolidate and standardize market transactions
China will consolidate and standardize market transactions
in an all-round way to guarantee a healthy operation of national
economy. The enforcement shall be enhanced in the following
six respects:
1. Stringently crack down illegal activities as manufacture
and sales of counterfeit, and focus on enforcement in some areas,
goods and markets;
2. Enhance protection of legitimate rights and interests of
consumers, shaping up perfect and effective enforcement system;
3. Strengthen supervision upon transaction of important goods
such as grain;
4. Strengthen supervision on fraudulent transactions under
the cover of contracts;
5. Strengthen supervision on the brokers, further standardize
grant to brokers, investigate and prosecute their unlawful activities
in accordance with laws; and
6. Stringently crack down smuggled goods and suppress smuggling
market. Movements of foreign capital enterprises
It is indicated from new statistic data that, the foreign
capital inflow of Shanghai in 2000 is mainly investment of international
companies and famous enterprises. Wholly owned enterprise is
still the main form taken by the foreign investors, with larger
and larger scale, as well as increase of investment in hi-tech
industry. These knowledge-intensive enterprises shall specially
take care to sign confidential agreement with the employees
to prevent the company's patent, secrets or know-how from being
disclosed.
China to up patent fees from March 1
Pursuant to the provisions of Patent Law of the P.R.C. and
Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of the P.R.C.,
for filing an application for a patent with, or fulfilling other
related formalities in the State Intellectual Property Office,
the fees shall be charged. It is to be raised by a big margin
from March 1, 2001 with main adjusted items as follows:
| (Monetary Unit: Renminbi) |
| Mainly Adjusted Items |
Before Adjustment |
After Adjustment |
| Application Fee for a Invention Patent |
490 |
900 |
| Application Fee for a Utility Model
Patent |
300 |
500 |
| Application Fee for a Design Patent |
250 |
500 |
| Examination Fee for an Application
of an Invention Patent |
1200 |
2500 |
| Reexamination Fee for an Invention
Patent |
600 |
1000 |
| Fee for a Request for Restoration
of Rights |
300 |
1000 |
| Fee for a Request for Invalidation
of an Invention Patent |
600 |
3000 |
| Fee for a Request for Invalidation
of a Utility Model Patent |
400 |
1500 |
| Fee for a Request for Invalidation
of a Design Patent |
300 |
1500 |
| Annual Fee: Invention Patent 1---3
years |
600 |
900 |
| 4---6years |
900 |
1200 |
| 7---9years |
1200 |
2000 |
| 10---12years |
2000 |
4000 |
| 13---15years |
4000 |
6000 |
| 16---20years |
8000 |
8000 |
| Annual Fee: Utility Model Patent 1---3
years |
300 |
600 |
| 4---5years |
600 |
900 |
| 6---8years |
900 |
1200 |
| 9---10years |
1200 |
2000 |
| Annual Fee: Design Patent 1---3 years |
150 |
600 |
| 4---5years |
300 |
900 |
| 6---8years |
600 |
1200 |
| 9---10years |
800 |
2000 |
|
Meanwhile, please contact our offices for detailed information
on the adjusted part of fees for the international phase of
PCT application and PCT application entering national phase.
Laws cannot catch up with network
The recent survey reveals that Chinese network users sustain
growth in high speed with total number reaching 22.5 million,
twice as many as in 1999 by the end of December 31, 2000. In
the meantime, the registration of international domain name
in main land has reached 608,420.
Network disputes also increase with boundless hope for e-commerce,
especially in the field of intellectual property rights such
as domain names and trademarks or enterprise names, etc. due
to flourishing Chinese domain names last year. Although China
issued some decrees on Internet, it is still of imperfections
in some aspects, resulting in inefficient protection for the
interests of right holders. |
|
